I selected another speech which is very different from last one and related to ICU students! ;)
When I saw this video, I thought "I know! But I really don't have time!!"
I suppose every ICU students will think same as what I thought.
This presentation is short and funny. So please watch with easy feeling.
2011年1月23日日曜日
Jody Williams: A realistic vision for world peace | Video on TED.com
Jody thinks the peace has to be sustainable with justice and equality. To achieve this, in the speech, she tries to encourage people to take action for peace and reclaim what the peace means. She emphasize the importance of "taking action. " There are a lot of people who consider about the world issues. However, there are few people who try to do something for them. I sometime feel very powerless when I am writing essay or reading articles about issues.
I love to watch movies so I have watched many movies which is based on the controvertial issues. I feel very complcated. I always think I have to do something, but I do nothig, because I don't know what to do. After watching this speech, I thought just bewailing own powerless is meaningless. In ICU, I have to study more and learn various actual measures to deal with issues. And I thought what I can do for now is to learn and absorb a lot of information and it is time for preparation.
The terms and idea in this presentation related to "Vision of the Future", for example human security. So it will be a source to study ARW and RCA :)
The presentation is powerful and I felt her enthusiasm. Her eyes are very serious and most of people will feel they should do something after watching this presentation.
2011年1月15日土曜日
ARW Pre-PWT
Human cloning should not be allowed in Japan for two reasons: mental harm and violation of human right.
Even if the risk of physical is 100% sure, it harms mental of cloned humans. For example, people support human cloning often say that it can help people who lost their children. It can save parents sorrow, however, the cloned child will be lived as a "substitute." It means the cloned child is not respected as a single individual. It is not the only case of harming a clone child. Whatever is the situation, in the background of a cloned human, there is always existence of another person who has same gene. And it will be a obstacle in the process of forming individual and identity.
Second, human cloning have a danger of violating human right. The word "clone" divides who is a clone and who is not a clone. This classification will lead to discrimination even if people are not intend to. And human clones are not treated same as other "normal human" when a discrimination happens. In the Constitution of Japan, the right to live is assured. Even human clones have same gene as others. However, they are a human. They have a right to live as a single human and right to be treated as other people. However, human perception can't be changed easily. And unfortunately, there are not only good men. There are people who discriminates other people. In fact, even the notion of equality of human has been prevailed in Japan, there are a lot of human who discriminate Korean residents. Therefore, human cloning will lead to discriminate human clones and violating their rights.
Human cloning has a risk of harming mental of people who are cloned. Cloned people will suffer own identity and the meaning of own existence. In addition, human cloning has the possibility to violate the right to live of cloned human, because they will be discriminated by people who are not cloned. For this two reasons, the human cloning shoul not be allowed in Japan.
It is hard to make persuasive: (
It is easy to say "it violates human right", but it is hard to explain how violating right.
Bioethic is very complex issue so I'm afraid whether I can write a short essay without using dictionary...!
Even if the risk of physical is 100% sure, it harms mental of cloned humans. For example, people support human cloning often say that it can help people who lost their children. It can save parents sorrow, however, the cloned child will be lived as a "substitute." It means the cloned child is not respected as a single individual. It is not the only case of harming a clone child. Whatever is the situation, in the background of a cloned human, there is always existence of another person who has same gene. And it will be a obstacle in the process of forming individual and identity.
Second, human cloning have a danger of violating human right. The word "clone" divides who is a clone and who is not a clone. This classification will lead to discrimination even if people are not intend to. And human clones are not treated same as other "normal human" when a discrimination happens. In the Constitution of Japan, the right to live is assured. Even human clones have same gene as others. However, they are a human. They have a right to live as a single human and right to be treated as other people. However, human perception can't be changed easily. And unfortunately, there are not only good men. There are people who discriminates other people. In fact, even the notion of equality of human has been prevailed in Japan, there are a lot of human who discriminate Korean residents. Therefore, human cloning will lead to discriminate human clones and violating their rights.
Human cloning has a risk of harming mental of people who are cloned. Cloned people will suffer own identity and the meaning of own existence. In addition, human cloning has the possibility to violate the right to live of cloned human, because they will be discriminated by people who are not cloned. For this two reasons, the human cloning shoul not be allowed in Japan.
It is hard to make persuasive: (
It is easy to say "it violates human right", but it is hard to explain how violating right.
Bioethic is very complex issue so I'm afraid whether I can write a short essay without using dictionary...!
2011年1月13日木曜日
ARW Fukuyama's issue
a)
According to Fukuyama, genetic engineering has a lot of difficulties and it seems it is not likely to be in real. However, the development of techonology is so rapid that no body can't know what will happen. Therefore, he can't say it is impossible. In fact, selection of sex is possible now and the doctor in the movies we saw said it is possible to select physical traits such as eye or hair color.
There are mailny 3 obstacles.
First, the mechanism of genes are very complex. A single gene has mutiple roles and function. It influences many other genes or functions. Therefore, if the genetic engineering is practiced, unexpected effects will be occured. The correlations of genes are unknown. However, the genetic engineering can be succeeded before the achievement of whole clarification of gene. These days, technology have been making rapid progress and there is no proof that the genetic engineering can't be suceeded because of complexity of gene.
Second, there is an ethical problem: human experimentation. As mentioned before, a single has not only one function and genes have very complex interactions. Therefore, it is impossible to anticipate every effects which come from arrangement of gene. The only way to know is to practice genetic engineering. The cases of eperimental stage is inevitable. It means there will be embryos or babies which are used as laboratory materials. However, embryo or babies can't tell their will. Their parents can give consent but babies or embryos can't. Hence, it will be problem of rights or other ethical problem. Using consequentialism idea, those experiments are worthy if genetic engineering finally suceeded and helped many people. Same as drugs, there are many helpful and valid drugs which have been helped many people's life. However, those achievements can exist because of accumulation of experimentations.
Third, if above two obstacles are solved and the genetic engineering generlized, the human nature can be changed. So far, it seems impossible to change, because the large amount and range of genetic engineerings have to be carried out. The number of birth is enormous, so it is impossible the number of genetic engineerings to exceed the birth number.
There are dangers of the genetic engineering. If people consider about the dangers which come from genetic engineering, unbalance of sex ratios, alteration of human nature, or ethical problem will be raised. However, the problems are not only what we anticipate. There may be many problems we are not expecting.
In the last, Fukuyama mentions that the genetic engineering can influence politics of countries. Moreover, if the genetic enginerring generlized among all human, the fundamental notion of human such as molartiy, justice, meaning of good life, or personality can alter. The fixed idea or notion which we think obvious now will be not obvious.
b)
I want to know what is the difference between eugenics and the genetic engineering. I think the concept and goals are similar.
Also, I want to talk about human cloning. I did debate of it when I was in high school and it was veeerrry controvertial. I was in the side of anti-human cloning. Therefore, I could points out a lot of ethical problem of human cloning. But the other side of people have to talk about benefits of human cloning and they said very scary and radical opinions. (Actually there are persuasive benefits) However, I though it can be treated as scary and unhuman opinion. The reserch of human cloning has been progressing. Fukuyama said that the human cloning suceeds before genetic enginerring. Therefore, the discussion of human cloning have to be developed before it suceeds.
According to Fukuyama, genetic engineering has a lot of difficulties and it seems it is not likely to be in real. However, the development of techonology is so rapid that no body can't know what will happen. Therefore, he can't say it is impossible. In fact, selection of sex is possible now and the doctor in the movies we saw said it is possible to select physical traits such as eye or hair color.
There are mailny 3 obstacles.
First, the mechanism of genes are very complex. A single gene has mutiple roles and function. It influences many other genes or functions. Therefore, if the genetic engineering is practiced, unexpected effects will be occured. The correlations of genes are unknown. However, the genetic engineering can be succeeded before the achievement of whole clarification of gene. These days, technology have been making rapid progress and there is no proof that the genetic engineering can't be suceeded because of complexity of gene.
Second, there is an ethical problem: human experimentation. As mentioned before, a single has not only one function and genes have very complex interactions. Therefore, it is impossible to anticipate every effects which come from arrangement of gene. The only way to know is to practice genetic engineering. The cases of eperimental stage is inevitable. It means there will be embryos or babies which are used as laboratory materials. However, embryo or babies can't tell their will. Their parents can give consent but babies or embryos can't. Hence, it will be problem of rights or other ethical problem. Using consequentialism idea, those experiments are worthy if genetic engineering finally suceeded and helped many people. Same as drugs, there are many helpful and valid drugs which have been helped many people's life. However, those achievements can exist because of accumulation of experimentations.
Third, if above two obstacles are solved and the genetic engineering generlized, the human nature can be changed. So far, it seems impossible to change, because the large amount and range of genetic engineerings have to be carried out. The number of birth is enormous, so it is impossible the number of genetic engineerings to exceed the birth number.
There are dangers of the genetic engineering. If people consider about the dangers which come from genetic engineering, unbalance of sex ratios, alteration of human nature, or ethical problem will be raised. However, the problems are not only what we anticipate. There may be many problems we are not expecting.
In the last, Fukuyama mentions that the genetic engineering can influence politics of countries. Moreover, if the genetic enginerring generlized among all human, the fundamental notion of human such as molartiy, justice, meaning of good life, or personality can alter. The fixed idea or notion which we think obvious now will be not obvious.
b)
I want to know what is the difference between eugenics and the genetic engineering. I think the concept and goals are similar.
Also, I want to talk about human cloning. I did debate of it when I was in high school and it was veeerrry controvertial. I was in the side of anti-human cloning. Therefore, I could points out a lot of ethical problem of human cloning. But the other side of people have to talk about benefits of human cloning and they said very scary and radical opinions. (Actually there are persuasive benefits) However, I though it can be treated as scary and unhuman opinion. The reserch of human cloning has been progressing. Fukuyama said that the human cloning suceeds before genetic enginerring. Therefore, the discussion of human cloning have to be developed before it suceeds.
登録:
投稿 (Atom)